ADTID

When people hear the word “information technology”, the first things that come to mind are the computers and the Internet. It can also make words like “networking” and “Intranet”, “Server”, “Firewall” “Security” and most cryptic terms such as “Router”, “T-1″, “Ethernet” or the mysterious and exotic-sounding “VoIP (pronounced” voyp “).
In fact, information technology, all these things and more. This is not new, however. Information technology is as old as the brain itself, if you think that the brain as an information processing. Except that this is a science, even as far back as the first attempts to communicate and store information.
And that’s essentially what the Information Technology: communication and information storage and the ability to process and use information stored. In this chapter, we begin with a brief history of the computer, what it is today, and different types of computer systems available today is great.
Brief History of Information Technology
As human societies grew in size and complexity, so has the need to collect, store and transmit information. It could be argued that the brain is a type of “bio-computer science, represented” the Greek word “Tektra” – from which we get the word “technology” – refers to a truly scientific knowledge or mechanical means including the use of tools. Therefore, we continue our journey with the man the first attempts to start the processing and transmission of knowledge by mechanical means.
The Neolithic and Bronze Age
We could not have thought of as an information technology “several thousand years, when we as a species of animals have been painting on cave walls. But in fact, is exactly what it was in May
provided with a combination of tools, manganese “pencils” and sound that has been colored with different pigments, has left the people at the beginning of these images on the walls of a cave near Lascaux, France and the rocks in the Algerian Sahara.
These activities are about 18,000 and 8,000 years old and dated. Unfortunately, there is no way to be sure exactly what message was transmitted (a problem of our own descendants 15,000 years from now very well what we might have left!)
As the images are of animals that were killed in hunting in general was, and given the importance of wildlife to a culture of hunter-gatherers, it is possible that such images tried to develop information on the game, or part of a ritual to ensure a successful hunt was a gift.
The invention of writing systems – including icons such as hieroglyphics, alphabetic writing, and “syllables” systems – seems to have occurred almost simultaneously with the development of agriculture. Agriculture has presented many unfamiliar terms such as land ownership, expansion of trade and the accumulation of wealth, which in turn leads to more complex social structures.
As might be expected, this more detailed and efficient record keeping required. Alphabetic writing a substantial advantage over the symbols (hieroglyphs), because a relatively small number of symbols (letters) on several occasions in infinite combination can be used to communicate about it. (As you will see later, modern uses only two of these icons!)
problems of preservation and storage of certain information, information on the label or stone or clay tablets (which were difficult) or animal skins, wax tablets or papyrus (which are not preserved, however).
The Hellenistic world
The classical Greeks were the first to attempt the record to find scientific, rational explanations of natural phenomena. Some of the first proto-computers have been known mechanical devices developed by the Greeks. One of them was a form of the abacus (which has also developed and was used in ancient China). The unit will facilitate and simplify mathematical calculations.
Let us very early in the Greco-Roman abacus
Another machine was beginning to calculate the therapeutic ancient Greek origin. An ancient Thira Greek sponge divers in a was over was discovered a century ago, it is only recently that this 2100-year unit was reconstructed and showed that an early form of computer designed to movements of the sun , moon and five planets known to be table at the time.
first programmable devices
At the time, the gradual disintegration and decline of the Roman Empire in 476 CE complete, scientific and technological progress in the Western world has been blocked. Although much scientific knowledge of the Greeks was preserved by Irish monks, and Arab scholars, it was not until the fourteenth century that the principles of art have been found, and the information. The first was of course all the press.
Although the concept of printing had been developed in China some four hundred years ago, it was Gutenberg’s device in 1447 that revolutionized communication, because it is easier and faster to collect and disseminate information than ever before. The first programmable device really would not come for another 354 years, however.
The Jacquard loom in 1801 was a product of the industrial revolution. This invention uses a series of punched paper cards specifically, the functional as templates for the automatic weaving of complex patterns. These cards are very important in calculating the 1950s, 60 and 70.
The next step was the development of Charles Babbage’s “analytical machine” – a fully programmable computer that is more integrated. Babbage worked on designs from 1837 until his death in 1871. This mechanism is also used steam to punch cards, inlaid with a central processing unit (CPU) and a form of memory storage in the form of a system of anchors in rotating drums.
The scan engine could be storing up to 1,000 the number of fifty points each, and run six different mathematical operations, including the calculation of square roots. Babbage’s ideas were incorporated into early electronic computing devices developed in the 1930s and 1940s, although not all were actually programmed. The first truly programmable computer – able to store information and not use – in general use until 1950, and yes – use of punch cards (those born before 1965, remember to play with them can be).
Of course, most people in the 70, 80 and 90 is just born for granted that the information and telecommunications technology we have today is, Fairley recent developments in science, engineering and electronics. But we now know no other way we do. And therefore can better appreciate what we have at our disposal today.